This is identified as a Soviet-era (1980s) darkroom double-convex lens condenser assembly, a fundamental optical component found inside vintage USSR photographic enlargers. Its primary job is to gather divergent light from the lamp bulb and focus it into a concentrated, perfectly uniform beam that projects straight through the film negative down onto the photographic paper.
Bear in mind this can be more than a collectible: You don't need some obscure UPA or Don enlarger to use it. It can be used in projectors, spotlights, or by photographers looking for a distorted effect, such as shown in some of the pictures above. In the darkroom, the 100mm x 21mm lenses are used on negatives 6x6cm, 6x7cm, or 6x9cm.
The lenses are typical of most vintage darkroom enlarger lenses: Flat on one side, convex on the other, aka plano-convex; the convex parts should face each other. This is either a "UPA" or "Don" condenser assembly canister, possibly by WZFO (Warsaw, Poland), Lytkarino Optical Glass Plant (Moscow), or Zenit (later BelOMO in Minsk, Belarus). Our primary source says it may have been a gift from the Soviet embassy in D.C. in 1984, since our originator worked on their comms then. That makes sense, being as its unmarked and clearly Soviet era by dint of the housing assembly. Another hypothesis is our colleague's friend at the time had a girlfriend from Warsaw, Poland, and since it could have been made there at WZFO ... yeah, we're not putting a lot of credence in the girlfriend conjecture.